Ananya Madiyal¹, Vidya Ajila¹, Subhas G Babu¹, Shruthi Hegde¹, Suchetha Kumari²,

Medhini Madi³, Sonika Achalli¹, Priyadharshini Alva⁴, Harshini Ullal²

1. B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte deemed to be University, Oral. Medicine and Radiology.
2. S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte deemed to be University, Biochemistry.
3. Manipal College of Dental sciences, Manipal, Oral Medicine and Radiology.
4. Oral Medicine and Radiology Specialist.

Emails:

1. Ananya Madiyal- Email id: ananyamadiyal@gmail.com, 2. Vidya Ajila-Email id: ajila_v@yahoo.com, 3.  Subhas G Babu-Email id: goginenisb@yahoo.co.in, 4.  Shruthi Hegde-Email id: drshruthihegde@yahoo.co.in, 5.  Sucheta Kumari-Email id: kumari.suchetha@gmail.com, 6.  Medhini Madi-Email id: medhkat@gmail.com, 7.  Sonika Achalli-Email id: sonikachalli@gmail.

com, 8.  Priyadharshini Alva-Email id: alva.priya@gmail.com, 9.  Harshini Ullal-Email id: ullalharshini@gmail.com

Abstract

Background: Use of tobacco is often implicated in the development of oral diseases. Questionable accuracy of the traditional questionnaires to assess cigarette exposure necessitates the use of biomarkers like thiocyanate which provide a definitive quantitative measure.

Objective: To assess the rise in the level of thiocyanate for measurement of smoking behaviour in adults.

Materials and methods: Serum and salivary thiocyanate levels were estimated in 20 non-smokers, 20 ex-smokers and 40 smokers. Smokers were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of oral mucosal lesions.

Results: The mean serum and salivary thiocyanate levels were increased significantly in smokers when compared to non-smokers and ex-smokers. The levels were not significantly different between ex-smokers and non-smokers and between smokers with tobacco related oral mucosal lesions and those without. Statistically significant correlation was seen between the serum and salivary levels of thiocyanate.

Conclusion: This study highlights the high level of thiocyanate in the serum and saliva of smokers when compared to non-smokers and ex-smokers. Significant increase in thiocyanate level was also seen in saliva. Hence it can be stated that saliva can be used as a reliable, non-invasive tool to assess smoking behaviour in the population and its changes over time.

Keywords: Thiocyanate, Tobacco, Smoking, Cancer, Pre-cancer.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v18i3.31

Cite as: Madiyal A, Ajila V, Babu SG, Hegde S, Kumari S, Madi M, Achalli S, Alva P, Ullal H. Status of thiocyanate levels in the serum and saliva of non-smokers, ex-smokers and smokers. Afri Health Sci. 2018;18(3): 727-736. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v18i3.31