Maryam A AL-Ghamdi¹,  Etimad A Huwait^1,2, Taha A Kumosani1,^2,3

Qari M⁴, Said S Moselhy^1,2,5,6, Afnan T Kumosani⁷

1. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
2. Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahad Medical Research center (KFMRC), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
3. Production of bio products for industrial applications   research Group, KAU.
4. Hematology Department, Faculty of Medical Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
5. Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
6. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
7. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Blood Bank Transfusion Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, National Guards, Jeddah, 21423.

Abstract

Background: Hemophilia is an inherited genetic disease characterized by the inability to coagulate blood after injury. The rationale of the current study was  to evaluate serum proteins S and C and correlate to kidney function test in hemophilic patients for early diagnosis of abnormality in renal function.

Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted on 80 males subjects divided into four groups. Group I: Control: Healthy subjects. Group II: Renal dysfunction (serum Creatinine >2mg/dl): Group III: Hemophilic patients. Group IV: Hemophilic patients with renal disorder. Serum urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, protein C and protein S level were determined.

Resuts: Protein C and S levels showed a significant decrease in hemophilic/and with renal dysfunction (P < 0.001,p<0.001). The level of plasma protein C and S levels were positively correlated with increased urinary albumin (P < 0.01). Urinary albumin was increased about 15 folds in hemophilic patients with renal dysfunction and nephrotic patients as compared with the control group.  The cut-off value in 90% patients at the hemophilic patients with renal dysfunction 70%. Positive correlations were observed between urinary albumin (r=0.66), and creatinine (r=0.73).

Conclusion:  These biomarkers showed good predictive values with regard to ROC-AUC (0.41 and 0.75 for Proteins C and S, respectively).

Keywords: Hemophilia, renal dysfunction, protein C, protein S.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v18i3.26

Cite as: AL-Ghamdi MA, Huwait EA, Kumosani TA, Qari M, Moselhy SS, Kumosani AT. Serum protein C and protein S levels as early biomarkers for kidney dysfunction in hemophilic patients. Afri Health Sci. 2018;18(3): 681-688. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v18i3.26