Post-stroke depression symptoms in relation to characteristics of the vulnerable patients in socio-cultural context.

Sam C Ibeneme, Canice Anyachukwu, Akachukwu Nwosu, Georgian Ibeneme, Muideen Bakare

1. University of Nigeria Medical rehabilitation
2. National Institute for Sports, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria, Physiotherapy
3. Ebonyi State University, Nursing Sciences, Abakaliki,Nigeria.
4. Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Child and Adolescent Unit

Abstract:
Objective: To determine the distribution of symptoms of post-stroke depression (PSD) in relation to some predisposing factors in an African population.

Relevance: Environment is a key determinant of behavior, and varied socio-cultural contexts must have implications for modifiable characteristics (age, duration of the stroke, marital status, type of employment, gender, the location of cerebral lesion and complications) of individuals vulnerable to PSD, which may be targeted to enhance recovery.

Method: This was a cross-sectional observational study of 50 (22 females and 28 males) stroke survivors (mean age=54.76±8.79 years), at the physiotherapy department, the University of Nigeria teaching hospital, Enugu, selected using convenience sampling technique. Data were collected using Becks Depression Inventory and analyzed using Z-score, Chi-square test and univariatelogistic regression, at p<0.05.

Results:PSD was more prevalent in females (45.45%); young(100%); middle-age(60%) adults(27-36/47-56 years respectively); living with spouse (45%); left cerebral lesions (40.74%); complications(45%); cold case >3 years(47.05%); self-employed and unemployed (66.67%), respectively. Age was significantly associated with depression (χ2 =4.92,df=1,p=0.03), and was related to the risk of PSD (3.7[1.1-12.0], p=0.03, = +0.31, 2=0.1).

Conclusion: Age could be a risk factor for PSD, which was more prevalent in the elderly than young/middle-age adults, female gender, left cerebral lesion, complications, cold case; those living with a spouse, self-employed and unemployed.

Keywords:Symptoms of post-stroke depression, modifiable characteristics of the vulnerable patients, African socio-cultural context.