Changes in mediators of inflammation and pro-thrombosis after 12 months of dietary  modification in adults with metabolic syndrome.

SK Rahamon, UA Fabian, MA Charles-Davies, JA Olaniyi, AA Fasanmade, KS Akinlade, OE Oyewole4, MO Owolabi
, JR adebusuyi, OO Hassan, BM Ajobo, MO Ebesunun, K Adigun, OO Popoola1, W Omiyale, OG Arinola, EO Agbedana
.
1. Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
2. Department of Haematology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
3. Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
4. Department of Health Promotion and Education, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
5. Department of Medical Social Services, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
6. Dietetics Department, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
7. Department of Family Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
8. Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria

Abstract
Objective:This study evaluated the effects of a 12-month dietary modification on indices of inflammation and pro-thrombosis in adults with metabolic syndrome (MS).Materials and methods:This longitudinal study involved 252 adults with MS recruited from the Bodija market, Ibadan and its environs. Participants were placed on 20%, 30% and 50% calories obtained from protein, total fat and carbohydrate respectively and were followed up monthly for 12 months. Anthropometry and blood pressure were measured using standard methods. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), fibrinogen,  plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)], interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured using spectrophotometric methods and ELISA as appropriate. Data was analysed using ANCOVA, Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant.

Results:After 6 months of dietary modification, there was a significant reduction in waist circumference (WC), while the levels  of HDL-C, fibrinogen and PAI-1 were significantly increased when compared with the corresponding baseline values. However, WC and fibrinogen reduced significantly, while HDL-C and IL-10 significantly increased after 12 months of dietary modification as compared with the respective baseline values.

Conclusion:Long-term regular dietary modification may be beneficial in ameliorating inflammation and pro-thrombosis in metabolic syndrome.

Keywords:Dietary modification, fibrinogen, interleukins, metabolic syndrome, plasminogen activator inhibitor.