Non communicable disease and risky behaviour in an urban university community Nigeria

IG Ige, ET Owoaje, OA Adebiyi

Abstract

Background: Most developing countries have only limited information on the burden of Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs) even though rapid transitions in these NCDs have been predicted.

Objectives: To describe the burden of selected NCDs and associated risk behaviours in an urban university community in Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 525 representative staff of a University in a large city in Nigeria was conducted.

Results: In all, 27.6% were already diagnosed with at least one NCD (hypertension-21.5%, diabetes-11%, cancer 2.9%) while 67.4% reported at least one risk behaviour (unhealthy diet- 96%, sedentary living- 27.4% excessive alcohol use-5.1% and smoking- 1.9%). Multiple risk behaviours were observed in 29.9% with no significant variation by sex or age. Those 40 years and above had significantly higher prevalence of NCD, particularly for hypertension (p<0.05). Only 7%, considered themselves to be at risk of NCDs. Those whose parents had NCDs OR: 5.9 (2.4-14.5) and those who currently had NCDs OR: 3.9(1.8-8.1) perceived themselves at risk of one or more NCDs, but not those with multiple risk behaviours.

Conclusion: The high burden of NCDs and risk behaviours in the face of limited self-perceived risk has been demonstrated and calls for urgent intervention.

Keywords: Non communicable disease, risk behaviour, Nigeria